石灰陈化机理及其在文物保护中的应用研究

Aging Mechanism of Quicklime and Application Study of Aged Lime in Conservation of Cultural Relics

关键词:  陈化石灰  糯米灰浆  土遗址  加固

Key words:  aged lime  sticky rice lime mortar  earthen site  consolidation

摘要:

采用SEM和XRD等技术手段，探讨了石灰陈化过程机理及其在文物保护中应用的可行性.结果表明，石灰在陈化过程中，随着陈化时间的增加，氢氧化钙的粒径呈现逐渐减小的趋势，形成了直径约50nm、长度约200nm的针状氢氧化钙，以及粒径为100～200nm的板状氢氧化钙；陈化石灰的纳米粒径和高反应活性较好地改善了陈化石灰糯米灰浆的抗压强度、表面硬度等物理性能，并使陈化石灰乙醇分散液具有良好的渗透性，可较好地解决传统石灰水加固剂溶解度较小和渗透性较差的问题，为其在砖、石、土质文物保护中的应用奠定科学基础.

Abstract:

Aging mechanism of quicklime and application of aged lime in conservation of cultural relics were studied by means of scanning electron microscope(SEM）and X ray diffractometry. Results show that calcium hydroxide crystals undergo both substantial size reduction and clear morphological change to form acicular Ca(OH)2(50nm in diameter and 200nm in length）and plate like Ca(OH)2 (100200nm in size）crystals in the course of aging. Meanwhile, research results indicate that the nano size and high reactivity of aged lime particles prompt the improvement of the mechanical properties of sticky rice lime mortar and hydraulic conductivity of Ca(OH)2 alcohol dispersions, which solves the problems of low dissolution and permeability associated with the use of Ca(OH)2 solutions. This study is expected to found the stone for application of aged lime in conservation of cultural relics.