P-N阻燃剂对低密度纤维板热烟释放性能的影响机制

Effect of a Novel Phosphorous-Nitrogen Compound on Flame Retardant Properties for Low-Density Fiberboard

摘要:

为了提升纤维板的阻燃性能，以氨基三亚甲基膦酸（ATMP）、1，3，5-三（2-羟乙基）氰尿酸（THEIC）和三聚氰胺（MEL）为原料，合成了一种新型P-N阻燃剂1，3，5-三（2-羟乙基-氨基（亚甲基膦酸酯-二-亚甲基磷酸三聚氰胺盐））氰尿酸（TAM），并将其与竹纤维复合，通过热压工艺制备出阻燃低密度纤维板（LDF）。对TAM的化学结构进行了表征，并探讨了其添加量对LDF热解行为和阻燃性能的影响规律。结果表明：新型P-N阻燃剂TAM已成功合成，所制备的LDF具有良好阻燃性能；对比对照试样，当TAM添加量为15%时，LDF的极限氧指数达35.7%，峰值热释放速率（PHRR）降低了20.15%，总烟生成量TSP降低了84.70%，残炭率增加了66.25%；TAM在燃烧过程中通过气相稀释、自由基捕获和酸催化成炭机制，赋予纤维板优异的阻燃性能。

Abstract:

To enhance the flame retardant performance of fiberboard， a novel P-N compound， 1，3，5-tris（2-hydroxyethyl-amino（methylene phosphonate-di-methylene phosphoric acid triazine salt）） cyanuric acid （donated as TAM）， was synthesized by using aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid （ATMP）， 1，3，5-tris（2-hydroxyethyl）cyanuric acid （THEIC）， and melamine （MEL） as raw materials. It was then compounded with bamboo fibers and processed via hot-pressing to produce flame retardant low-density fiberboard （LDF）. The chemical structure of TAM was characterized， and the effects of its dosage on the pyrolysis behavior and flame retardant performance of LDF were investigated. The results indicate that the novel P-N flame retardant， TAM， is successfully synthesized with good flame retardant properties for LDF. Compared to the control sample， when TAM is added at 15%， the LDF achieves an oxygen index of 35.7%， a 20.15% reduction in peak heat release rate （PHRR）， an 84.70% decrease in total smoke production （TSP）， and a 66.25% increase in char yield. During combustion， TAM imparts superior flame retardant performance to the fiberboard through gas-phase dilution， radical capture， and acid-catalyzed char formation mechanisms.